FEDERAL RESERVE / NBER · SEPTEMBER 2024

Generative AI spread faster than the PC or the internet

A nationally representative US survey found that within about two years of ChatGPT's launch, 39.4% of adults aged 18 to 64 were already using generative AI, a faster take up than either the personal computer or the internet at the same point after release.

39.4%
OF US ADULTS 18-64 USE GENERATIVE AI
WHAT IT FOUND
/01

As of August 2024, 39.4% of Americans aged 18 to 64 reported using generative AI.

/02

About 28% of employed people used it at work, and many used it every week.

/03

Adoption outpaced the personal computer and the internet measured at the same number of years after each technology became broadly available.

/04

Use was widespread across occupations, not confined to tech or knowledge work.

WHAT IT MEANS
/01

The demand is already here and moving fast. The open question is no longer whether people use AI, it is whether that use turns into capability the company can see and rely on.

/02

Fast personal adoption with slow organizational returns is the exact gap the rest of the evidence keeps showing. People are ahead of their employers.

PRACTICAL TAKEAWAYS
/01

Assume your people are already using AI, and build the record and the reinforcement around that reality rather than starting from zero.

/02

Speed of adoption is not the same as depth of capability. Treat the fast uptake as raw material, not as a finish line.

TIPS AND TRICKS
/01

Ask your team where they already use AI in their own week. Start the capability record from what is really happening.

/02

Pick one high frequency task and turn casual use into a repeatable, captured method.

RISKS AND CAVEATS
/01

Adoption figures measure whether someone has used a tool, not whether they use it well or consistently. Do not read 39% as 39% capable.

/02

The survey is US based and early. Read it as a direction and a pace, not a precise global level.

SOURCE

Bick, A., Blandin, A. and Deming, D. (2025), 'The Rapid Adoption of Generative AI,' NBER Working Paper 32966, published in Management Science. https://www.nber.org/papers/w32966; St. Louis Fed, 'The Rapid Adoption of Generative AI,' 2024. https://www.stlouisfed.org/on-the-economy/2024/sep/rapid-adoption-generative-ai

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